VIDEO

VIDEO

Finding the Last Slave Ship

Finding the Last Slave Ship

The descendants of Africans on the last known American slave ship, Clotilda, describe what it would mean to discover and document the scene of the crime. Their enslaved ancestors were smuggled into Alabama in 1860, long after the United States had banned the importation of slaves. The smugglers burned the ship to hide their crime, and until recently the ship's remains lay on the bottom of the Mobile River.

Grades

5 - 12

Subjects

Human Geography, Sociology, World History, U.S. History

Transcript (English)

- ♪ Every morn' ♪ ♪ Keep on coming ♪

- I was born in this four-room house right next to the Union Baptist Church in Plateau, Mobile, Alabama. In this house, my grandmother had taught us a whole lot about this history, but me being a little girl, I didn't know that this history was as important as it is. They wanted us to remember that our family came over on the Clotilda, the last slave ship. They made a bet down on the Mobile docks that they could bring the ship unseen and unheard, because they knew it was illegal.

- It was a racist deed that victimized 111 people from Benin and brought them here with the intent of enslaving them.

- They wanted to make sure nobody's name was connected. So when they burnt that ship, they said no parts of it was left.

- There's a very powerful descendant community right here in Mobile, Alabama called Africatown.

- Just like our ancestors were rooted, and as we think about how our ancestors here in America, a lot of them lived off of the water.

- [Voicoeover] They're trying to reclaim a memory and reclaim identity and reclaim culture that was stolen from us.

- You had individuals transported against their will to this land, and they had the foresight and vision to start a church, a community and a school. What more can you ask?

- [Lorna] They started Africatown with a meek and humble beginning.

- They wanted to make this their Africa. They wanted everything right here.

- This community at one time was self-sustaining. Had barber shops, grocery stores, cleaners, everything that you needed.

- We had fruit trees everywhere. Everybody had chickens and gardens. There was always something cooked at somebody's house, and they cooked on wood stoves.

- Africatown was family. Everyone looked out for each other. It was a place where we had pride.

- [Lorna] When I start to talk about Africatown, sometimes I get a little emotional because it's nothing like when I grew up.

- Up until the late '50s, Africatown was its own incorporated area, but Mobile began to court Africatown, and in the '60s, the city rezoned from residential to heavy industry. 'Cause they wanted to get those taxes from those industries. So I can understand people in the area feeling as if they have been forgotten because they would just like to bulldoze everything in here, move these 2,000 people out and just industrialize the rest of it. They figure if they ignore you and just let your house fall down, your people die off, and buy off your land, then that's what they'll do.

- When I first came to Africatown, I met the congregation. I found out that just by the area, the family had someone that they knew or was infected by cancer. Most of the people who were sick, who had been the ones that was playing in this soot and this ash that was falling from the smoke stacks of the industry around.

- When you look around, it's dilapidated homes. No one has put any dollars to open up a store. That's why the hope is gone.

- There's been economic tragedies, there's been environmental tragedies to a horrific extent, but there are folks who are holding on.

- Now, after they're able to go down and find parts of that ship, maybe now it'll be documented as the last slave ship.

- This mission is about, again, doing a comprehensive search of all the vessels that's in this stretch of the river. And if by chance we run across something of interest, that would be great.

- [Diver] Six-inch spikes in my hand.

- [Observer] Six inch iron spike, and that was on the wood?

- [Diver] Iron spikes on the wood, yeah.

- [Observer] Okay.

- [Diver] So my hand, it reaches up above, I'd say it's easily six-and-a-half feet.

- Okay. Are you going down or are you going up?

- [Diver] I'm like really just straight up above my head.

- Okay, feels all wood.

- [Diver] Oh yeah, it's all wood.

- [Observer] Okay.

- Identifying a shipwreck is a difficult business. We look at what the craftsmanship suggests to us. There's one target in particular that stands out. It's roughly the same size as Clotilda. 86 feet long and 23 feet wide according to its registration documents, frames of oak as well as planks of southern yellow pine, fasteners all made of iron. We haven't seen a single fastener yet made of copper or brass. We've got a ship of the right size and what we think is the right place. At this stage where we're at, this could be Clotilda.

- If the vessel is located, it's gonna be a very powerful artifact to help us tell this story.

- We think that would be one of the most historic finds in America, not just in Africatown. The whole story becomes life and becomes true.

- To start a new chapter, and from their perspective, it can present many, many opportunities for them.

- People will get excited about the community, to rebuild it, to give it its permanence.

- And we'll have the proof that we need to know that we were part of the history of Mobile.

- We need to tell it, we need to share it, we need to expose it to the world. ♪ If you people will listen to me ♪ ♪ From my heart I prayed anew ♪ ♪ That our flag will wave o'er the brave ♪ ♪ Bring our boys back home safe ♪ ♪ For we are America ♪ ♪ America ♪ ♪ We are America ♪ ♪ Praise God ♪ ♪ We are America, praise God ♪ ♪ Praise His holy name ♪


Transcripción (Español)

- ♪ Cada mañana ♪ ♪ Sigue llegando ♪

- Nací en esta casa de cuatro habitaciones justo al lado de la Iglesia Bautista Union en Plateau, Mobile, Alabama. En esta casa, mi abuela nos enseñó mucho sobre esta historia, pero siendo una niña, no sabía que esta historia era tan importante como lo es. Querían que recordáramos que nuestra familia llegó en el Clotilda, el último barco de esclavos. Hicieron una apuesta en los muelles de Mobile de que podrían traer el barco sin ser vistos ni oídos, porque sabían que era ilegal.

- Fue un acto racista que victimizó a 111 personas de Benin y las trajo aquí con la intención de esclavizarlas.

- Querían asegurarse de que el nombre de nadie estuviera conectado. Así que cuando quemaron ese barco, dijeron que no quedaba ninguna parte de él.

- Hay una comunidad descendiente muy poderosa justo aquí en Mobile, Alabama llamada Africatown.

- Al igual que nuestros antepasados estaban arraigados, y al pensar en cómo nuestros antepasados aquí en América, muchos de ellos vivían del agua.

- [Voz En off] Están tratando de recuperar un recuerdo y reclamar una identidad y una cultura que nos fue robada.

- Hubo individuos transportados contra su voluntad a esta tierra, y tuvieron la previsión y visión de comenzar una iglesia, una comunidad y una escuela. ¿Qué más se puede pedir?

- [Lorna] Comenzaron Africatown con un comienzo humilde y modesto.

- Querían hacer de esto su África. Querían todo aquí mismo.

- Esta comunidad en un momento fue autosuficiente. Tenía barberías, tiendas de comestibles, tintorerías, todo lo que necesitabas.

- Teníamos árboles frutales por todas partes. Todos tenían gallinas y jardines. Siempre había algo cocinado en la casa de alguien, y cocinaban en estufas de leña.

- Africatown era familia. Todos cuidaban el uno del otro. Era un lugar donde teníamos orgullo.

- [Lorna] Cuando empiezo a hablar de Africatown, a veces me pongo un poco emocional porque no es nada como cuando era pequeña.

- Hasta finales de los años 50, Africatown era su propia área incorporada, pero Mobile comenzó a cortejar a Africatown, y en los años 60 la ciudad cambió la zonificación de residencial a industria pesada. Porque querían obtener esos impuestos de esas industrias. Así que puedo entender que la gente de la zona sienta como si hubieran sido olvidados porque les gustaría simplemente arrasar con todo aquí, desplazar a estas 2000 personas e industrializar el resto. Piensan que si te ignoran y simplemente dejan que tu casa se caiga, tu gente muera, y compren tu tierra, entonces eso es lo que harán.

- Cuando llegué por primera vez a Africatown, conocí a la congregación. Descubrí que solo por el área, la familia tenía a alguien que conocían o estaba infectado por cáncer. La mayoría de las personas que estaban enfermas habían sido los que jugaban en este hollín y esta ceniza que caía de las chimeneas de la industria alrededor.

- Cuando miras alrededor, son casas en ruinas. Nadie ha invertido ningún dólar para abrir una tienda. Por eso se ha ido la esperanza.

- Ha habido tragedias económicas, ha habido tragedias ambientales hasta un grado horroroso, pero hay personas que siguen resistiendo.

- Ahora, después de que pueden bajar y encontrar partes de ese barco, quizás ahora se documentará como el último barco de esclavos.

- Esta misión se trata, de nuevo, de hacer una búsqueda exhaustiva de todos los barcos que están en este tramo del río. Y si por casualidad nos encontramos con algo de interés, eso sería genial.

- [Buzo] Clavos de seis pulgadas en mi mano.

- [Observador] Clavo de hierro de seis pulgadas, ¿y eso estaba en la madera?

- [Buzo] Clavos de hierro en la madera, sí.

- [Observador] Está bien.

- [Buzo] Entonces mi mano, se eleva por encima, diría que fácilmente son seis pies y medio.

- Está bien. ¿Vas a bajar o vas a subir?

- [Buzo] Estoy realmente justo por encima de mi cabeza.

- Está bien, se siente todo de madera.

- [Buzo] Oh sí, es todo de madera.

- [Observador] Está bien.

- Identificar un naufragio es un negocio difícil. Observamos lo que nos sugiere la artesanía. Hay un objetivo en particular que destaca. Es aproximadamente del mismo tamaño que el Clotilda. 86 pies de largo y 23 pies de ancho según sus documentos de registro, marcos de roble así como tablones de pino amarillo del sur, todos los sujetadores hechos de hierro. No hemos visto un solo sujetador hecho de cobre o latón. Tenemos un barco del tamaño correcto y lo que creemos es el lugar correcto. En esta etapa en la que estamos, esto podría ser Clotilda.

- Si se localiza el barco, va a ser un artefacto muy poderoso para ayudarnos a contar esta historia.

- Creemos que sería uno de los hallazgos más históricos en América, no solo en Africatown. Toda la historia cobra vida y se vuelve verdadera.

- Para comenzar un nuevo capítulo, y desde su perspectiva, puede presentar muchas, muchas oportunidades para ellos.

- La gente se emocionará con la comunidad, para reconstruirla, para darle su permanencia.

- Y tendremos la prueba que necesitamos para saber que fuimos parte de la historia de Mobile.

- Necesitamos contarlo, necesitamos compartirlo, necesitamos exponerlo al mundo. ♪ Si ustedes me escuchan ♪ ♪ Desde mi corazón oré de nuevo ♪ ♪ Que nuestra bandera ondeará sobre los valientes ♪ ♪ Traigan a nuestros chicos de vuelta a casa seguros ♪ ♪ Porque somos América ♪ ♪ América ♪ ♪ Somos América ♪ ♪ Alabado sea Dios ♪ ♪ Somos América, alabado sea Dios ♪ ♪ Alabado sea su santo nombre ♪ En mayo de 2019, la Comisión histórica de Alabama anunció que los restos de una buque de madera descubiertos en el delta de Mobile-Tensaw habían sido identificados positivamente como los del Clotilda El último barco de esclavos en traer cautivos africanos al sur de EE. UU.

Media Credits

The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited.

Web Producer
Sarah Appleton, National Geographic Society, National Geographic Society
other
Last Updated

April 15, 2024

For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. They will best know the preferred format. When you reach out to them, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource.

Media

If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media.

Text

Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service.

Interactives

Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. You cannot download interactives.

Related Resources