Forces of Flight

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• Overview
• Vocabulary

• Audience versions of this page:

  You will use this hands-on activity to help elementary students learn about the forces of flight.

  To engage students with flight and airplane design, you will explain the four forces of flight and discuss modifications engineers make when designing aircraft that are used for different purposes. Students will fold 3 different paper airplanes using templates, test them and modify the weight or design of each aircraft to change the planes' speed and flight distance.

  In the media carousel above you will find video tutorials for paper airplane templates #1-3. Preview these to prepare for instructing students on folding the paper airplanes. You may also download the tutorials to share with the teacher or students. You will also find the Build the Future introduction video, the PowerPoint presentation and the Engineer Guide.

  To prepare for your classroom visit, about two weeks in advance, review the information in the Engineer Guide and the materials provided for this activity.

• Term	Part of Speech	Definition	Encyclopedic Entry
  accompany	Verb	to join with someone or something.
  adjust	Verb	to change or modify something to fit with something else.
  advocate	Noun	person who speaks, writes, or otherwise supports a person, idea, or cause.
  ambassador	Noun	person who represents a place, organization, or idea.
  audition	Verb	trial or test performance given to a performer to judge their performance.
  cast	Verb	to hire actors for a film or play.
  chacham	Noun	Hebrew form of address for a respected and educated man.
  cherish	Verb	to love tenderly and protectively.
  Christian	Noun	people and culture focused on the teachings of Jesus and his followers.
  communicate	Verb	to exchange knowledge, thoughts, or feelings.
  conflict	Noun	a disagreement or fight, usually over ideas or procedures.
  diversity	Noun	difference.
  documentary	Noun	non-fiction film.
  Easter	Noun	most important celebration in the Christian religion, marking the day when the deity Jesus rose from the dead.
  embassy	Noun	residence of an ambassador or place where representatives of a nation conduct business in another country.
  encourage	Verb	to inspire or support a person or idea.
  enormous	Adjective	very large.
  eventually	Adverb	at some point in the future.
  fascinate	Verb	to cause an interest in.
  fast	Verb	to not eat.
  genetic engineer	Noun	scientist who manipulates genetic material in order to alter the hereditary traits of a cell, organism, or population.
  hesitate	Verb	to delay making or acting on a decision because of fear or unwillingness.
  illuminate	Verb	to shine light on.
  imam	Noun	leader of prayer in a mosque.
  impromptu	Adjective	unscheduled, unprepared, or improvised.
  initial	Adjective	first.
  interior	Noun	internal or inland.
  Jewish	Adjective	having to do with the religion or culture of people tracing their ancestry to the ancient Middle East and the spiritual leaders Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
  Kotel	Noun	stone wall on the western side of the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem, Israel, held sacred by Jews as a site of prayer and pilgrimage. Also called the Western Wall or Wailing Wall.
  market	Noun	central place for the sale of goods.
  marketing	Noun	art and science of selling a product.
  minimal	Adjective	the lowest or least.
  muezzin	Noun	official who calls faithful Muslims to prayer from the minaret or other elevated part in a mosque.
  Muslim	Adjective	having to do with Islam, the religion based on the words and philosophy of the prophet Mohammed.
  neurologist	Noun	physician or scientist who studies the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the brain and nervous system.
  Old City	Noun	walled, UNESCO World Heritage Site within the modern city of Jerusalem, Israel, consisting of four quarters: the Muslim Quarter, the Christian Quarter, the Jewish Quarter and the Armenian Quarter.
  opportunity	Noun	chance.
  oppress	Verb	to unjustly discriminate against, torment, or persecute.
  participate	Verb	to take part in an activity.
  perspective	Noun	point of view or way of looking at a situation.
  political science	Noun	study of political systems and the structure and conduct of governments.
  prayer	Noun	communication with a spiritual deity.
  priest	Noun	title of religious leader in many faiths.
  privilege	Noun	benefit or special right.
  public relations (PR)	Noun	the art, science, and business of promoting an organization, person, or event.
  rabbi	Noun	leading religious official of a Jewish synagogue.
  Ramadan	Noun	ninth month in the Muslim calendar, when Muslims fast during daylight hours.
  regardless	Adverb	anyway, or in spite of something.
  religion	Noun	a system of spiritual or supernatural belief.
  sepulchre	Noun	burial vault or tomb. Also spelled sepulcher.
  Shabbat	Noun	Jewish sabbath, observed on Saturday.
  shoot	Verb	to photograph or film.
  shuk	Noun	open-air marketplace common throughout the Middle East and North Africa. Also called a sook.
  spice	Noun	tasty and aromatic plant substances used in cooking.
  stereotype	Noun	a general characteristic associated with a group of people.
  tension	Noun	uncomfortable relationship between two people or groups.
  tolerance	Noun	fair and respectful attitude toward others and their way of life.
  tradition	Noun	beliefs, customs, and cultural characteristics handed down from one generation to the next.
  vendor	Noun	someone who sells something.
  vibrant	Adjective	lively.